Kambo Research
The mission of KamboFinder is to help those in need of Kambo find practitioners in their area by creating a cohesive and united network of Kambo professionals from all over the world. Our belief is that we are stronger together and that coming together to achieve a common goal of making Kambo accessible to those in need is of utmost importance.
KamboFinder believes in the power of diversity, innovation, and collaboration which is why KamboFinder strives to transcend politics and division amongst the Kambo community to focus on prioritizing safety, integrity and sustainability.a
Kambo contains dozens of identified compounds, many of which are peptides. Peptides are small chains of amino acids. Many of the peptides contained in Kambo have been scientifically studied. Although they show potent anticancerous, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and immune-modulating properties, there has been very little new research conducted on these peptides. Virtually no human research has occurred, and no research has been conducted on the Kambo secretion as a whole.
Though science is unlikely to ever truly uncover what makes Kambo so magical, it can help validate the effects and inform the development of standardized safety best practices. With the rise in popularity of Kambo as an alternative healing modality, the pressing need for research about the risks and benefits of Kambo has become apparent.
Conducting scientific research is timely and expensive. Many organizations will not fund research on substances that are not patentable and profitable as drugs. While KamboFinder pledges to support scientific research on Kambo by donating 50% of it’s profits to independent studies, this is only a drop in the bucket of the resources needed to pioneer the field of Kambo science forward.
Join us in our commitment to support the scientific research of Kambo and to ensure safety, available access and evidence-based implementation of best practices.
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How to Acess Full Text Papers on Kambo for Free
You can learn more about the science of Kambo and it’s peptides in laymans terms by reading this article. If you like to get into the nitty-gritty science, below is a list of kambo-related scientific resources that you can read to enhance your knowledge.
If you wish to read the full-text versions, we recommend using Sci-Hub to access it for free. Click the button below, and paste the DOI of the article you wish to read. For example, for the citation below, you would enter 10.1073/pnas.89.22.10960 in the box.
Daly JW, Caceres J, Moni RW, et al. Frog secretions and hunting magic in the upper Amazon: identification of a peptide that interacts with an adenosine receptor. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 1992;89(22):10960-10963. doi:10.1073/pnas.89.22.10960
Kambo Scientific Resource Papers
Erspamer V, Melchiorri P, Falconieri-Erspamer G, et al. Deltorphins: a family of naturally occurring peptides with high affinity and selectivity for delta opioid binding sites. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989;86(13):5188-5192.
Amiche M, Ladram A, Nicolas P. A consistent nomenclature of antimicrobial peptides isolated from frogs of the subfamily Phyllomedusinae. Peptides. 2008;29(11):2074-2082. doi:10.1016/j.peptides.2008.06.017
Anastasi A, Bertaccini G, Cei JM, De Caro G, Erspamer V, Impicciatore M. Structure and pharmacological actions of phyllocaerulein, a caerulein-like nonapeptide. Br J Pharmacol. 1969;37(1):198-206.
Erspamer V, Erspamer GF, Improta G, Negri L, de Castiglione R. Sauvagine, a new polypeptide from Phyllomedusa sauvagei skin: Occurrence in various phyllomedusa species and pharmacological actions on rat blood pressure and diuresis. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg’s Arch Pharmacol. 1980;312(3):265-270. doi:10.1007/BF00499156
Montecucchi PC, Henschen A. AMINO ACID COMPOSITION AND SEQUENCE ANALYSIS OF SAUVAGINE, A NEW ACTIVE PEPTIDE FROM THE SKIN OF PHYLLOMEDUSA SAWAGEI. International Journal of Peptide and Protein Research. 2009;18(2):113-120. doi:10.1111/j.1399-3011.1981.tb02047.x
Cline MA, Cofield SA, Tachibana T. Central litorin injection is associated with primary anorexigenic effects that coincide with activation of the magnocellular division of the paraventricular nucleus. Neuropeptides. 2010;44(3):247-252. doi:10.1016/j.npep.2009.12.015
Esakov AI, Ashmarin IP, Serova ON, et al. Litorin and litorin-albumin conjugate as effective regulators of body temperature in rats. Biomed Sci. 1990;1(6):610-612.
Anastasi A, Bertaccini G, Erspamer V. Pharmacological data on phyllokinin (bradykinyl-isoleucyl-tyrosine o-sulphate) and bradykinyl-isoleucyl-tyrosine. Br J Pharmacol Chemother. 1966;27(3):479-485.
Ganjiwale AD, Cowsik SM. Three-dimensional structure of Phyllomedusin, a NK1 receptor agonist bound to dodecylphosphocholine micelles. Journal of Structural Biology. 2009;167(2):176-184. doi:10.1016/j.jsb.2009.04.008
Lippe C, Lobasso S, Cassano G, Bellantuono V, Ardizzone C. Actions of tachykinins on the ion transport across the frog skin. Peptides. 1998;19(8):1435-1438. doi:10.1016/S0196-9781(98)00080-1
Broccardo M, Erspamer V, Falconieri Erspamer G, et al. Pharmacological data on dermorphins, a new class of potent opioid peptides from amphibian skin. Br J Pharmacol. 1981;73(3):625-631.
Negri L, Erspamer GF, Severini C, Potenza RL, Melchiorri P, Erspamer V. Dermorphin-related peptides from the skin of Phyllomedusa bicolor and their amidated analogs activate two mu opioid receptor subtypes that modulate antinociception and catalepsy in the rat. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992;89(15):7203-7207.
Mukhomedzyanov AV, Maslov LN, Ovchinnikov MV, et al. Effects of Deltorphin II and Its Retroenantio Analog on Cardiac Tolerance to Ischemia and Reperfusion. Bull Exp Biol Med. 2017;162(3):306-309. doi:10.1007/s10517-017-3601-9
Gyires K, Rónai AZ. Supraspinal delta- and mu-opioid receptors mediate gastric mucosal protection in the rat. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2001;297(3):1010-1015.
Amiche M, Seon AA, Wroblewski H, Nicolas P. Isolation of dermatoxin from frog skin, an antibacterial peptide encoded by a novel member of the dermaseptin genes family: Isolation of dermatoxin from frog skin. European Journal of Biochemistry. 2000;267(14):4583-4592. doi:10.1046/j.1432-1327.2000.01514.x
Ininhibitor P-. Dermaseptin-B8 | PAK4-Ininhibitor-pak4ininhibitor.com. Accessed March 27, 2021. https://www.pak4ininhibitor.com/2017/08/29/Dermaseptin_B8/
Zairi A, Tangy F, Bouassida K, Hani K. Dermaseptins and Magainins: Antimicrobial Peptides from Frogs’ Skin—New Sources for a Promising Spermicides Microbicides—A Mini Review. Snyder L, ed. Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology. 2009;2009:452567. doi:10.1155/2009/452567
Antitumor and Angiostatic Activities of the Antimicrobial Peptide Dermaseptin B2. Accessed January 28, 2020. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3447859/
Vardy E, Sassano MF, Rennekamp AJ, et al. Single Amino Acid Variation Underlies Species-Specific Sensitivity to Amphibian Skin-Derived Opioid-like Peptides. Chemistry & Biology. 2015;22(6):764-775. doi:10.1016/j.chembiol.2015.05.012
Lewis RJ, Garcia ML. Therapeutic potential of venom peptides. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2003;2(10):790-802. doi:10.1038/nrd1197
Brodie ED. Toxins and venoms. Current Biology. 2009;19(20):R931-R935. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2009.08.011
Caitlin Thompson, Benjamin Malcolm & John Tegzes (2022) Use of Phyllomedusa bicolour secretion during kambô ritual: observational responses, dosage, and risk of adverse events, Toxicology Communications, 6:1, 6-12, DOI: 10.1080/24734306.2021.2006524
Thompson C, Williams ML. Review of the physiological effects of Phyllomedusa bicolor skin secretion peptides on humans receiving Kambô. Toxicology Research and Application. January 2022. doi:10.1177/23978473221085746
Byard RW. Is voluntary envenomation from the kambô ritual therapeutic or toxic? Forensic Sci Med Pathol. October 2019. doi:10.1007/s12024-019-00192-5
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